The extent of the underground network came to the surface in late July, when FBI agents arrested a Brooklyn businessman on charges of organ trafficking. A federal complaint against Itzhak-Levy Rosenbaum said he had offered to provide a new kidney for a relative of an undercover FBI agent for about $160,000. According to the complaint, Rosenbaum told the Marlboro Cigarettesagent he could buy the kidney for about $5,000 and gave instructions on exact procedures and methods to avoid detection. The complaint quoted Rosenbaum as bragging: "So far, I've never had a failure." Ronald Kleinberg, the attorney for Rosenbaum, told CNN he could not comment on the FBI complaint "because I have not had enough time to assess the information." He said CNN's "assertions are incorrect," and that law enforcement's account of Rosenbaum's network was inaccurate. But law enforcement sources said Rosenbaum had been the centerpiece of a kidney-for-sale operation, which he called "United Lifeline," that operated extensively for nearly a decade. The donors and patients in this network were linked by one common theme -- they were Jewish. Investigators say the donors usually came from Eastern Europe, were mostly poor and Marlboro cigaretteswilling to sell their kidneys to U.S. and Israeli patients. According to one expert on organ trafficking, the FBI had been alerted to Rosenbaum's activities years ago. Nancy Sheper-Hughes, an anthropologist at the University of California at Berkeley and founder of a newsletter called "Organs Watch," said she had told the FBI about Rosenbaum and her suspicions about him seven years ago. "I think they thought it was a very few bad apples," Sheper-Hughes said. The FBI said would not officially comment on her assertions, but an FBI source later said, "We developed our own leads." According to Sheper-Hughes, the same day she Air Max 95 Zenspoke to CNN, she had learned of another illegal transplant surgery taking place at Cedars-Sinai Hospital in Los Angeles. The donor, she said, was a young Korean national who had received more than $25,000 for one of his kidneys. "This is a kid that does not speak much English, who is terrified and shaken," she said. "And he thought, 'Maybe I've made a mistake to do this, but $25,000 is a good amount of cash.'" Sheper-Hughes said the cash had been handed over in two increments, with the second paid to a relative in a hospital bathroom. In a statement, Cedars-Sinai spokeswoman Sally Stewart said living donors "must state they are not receiving payment for their kidney." "If at any time during theepi leather evaluation process, the transplant team suspects the donor is inappropriately being paid for a kidney, the transplant is canceled," she said. But a hospital source later told CNN, "We do not give lie-detector tests to our patients." According to Sheper-Hughes, who is in the final stages of writing a book on organ trafficking, much of the world's illicit traffic in kidneys can be traced to Israel. "Israel is the top," she said. "It has tentacles reaching out worldwide." Until March 2008, Israeli law allowed Israeli citizens to go abroad for live organ transplants from non-related donors. But there was no way for Israeli authorities to keep track of how many of those cases involved money changing hands, the country's Health Ministry said. Israeli investigators are looking intensively at illegal organ trafficking under the new law, the ministry said. And prosecutors in the West Bank town of Nazareth sent nine Israelis to Air Jordan 19jail in 2007 after uncovering a black-market ring that was buying and selling organs. Gilad Ehrlick, the assistant district attorney for Israel's Northern District, said he was shocked by the case. Secretly recorded conversations showed that Arab and Russian newspapers were targeting low-income Israelis and Palestinians with ads saying there would be payment in exchange for providing a kidney. "The idea was the people were calling out of despair, out of urgent need who needed a quick way to make money," he said.
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